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To gain a deeper understanding of the current state of military-technical cooperation between China and Russia, it is necessary to briefly examine the origins of their relationship.
Military cooperation between Belarus and the People’s Republic of China dates back to the 1990s, when Belarus, disposing of its surplus weaponry, began supplying Soviet-style equipment to China.
To reinforce strategic partnership with NATO, the EU strategies seek to generate financial resources to develop capabilities by the EU Member States in line with NATO capability targets, regional defence plans and command and control structures.
For bilateral relations between Ukraine and India, 2024 became the year of a big positive political shift with the first-ever visit of the Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi to Ukraine
At this stage, Russia’s position on peace negotiations to end the war is based on two key factors. The first and main factor is to demonstrate exclusively maximalist conditions for both ending the war and starting negotiations
As the Union considers integrating new members – particularly Ukraine, Moldova, and the countries of the Western Balkans – the perspectives of Central and Eastern European (CEE) states play a pivotal role in shaping the trajectory of this process.
The concept of Zeitenwende, or “turning point,” has become a central pillar of Germany’s reorientation in foreign and security policy in the wake of Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022. The invasion of Ukraine exposed significant gaps in Germany’s security strategy, forcing the country to confront uncomfortable realities. Initially introduced by Chancellor Olaf Scholz, Zeitenwende was framed as a decisive break from Germany’s post-Cold War strategic culture.